Glycemic control mechanisms after canine islet autografting • IPITA 1995• @1MEMO 20251204

Glycemic control mechanisms after canine islet autografting • IPITA 1995 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20251204_1 • Talk, Tuesday June 20, 1995 at 10:30, 5th IPITA, Eden Roc Resort Hotel, Miami Beach, FL (USA) • Digitally remastered by author, publisher, Michel van der Burg • TakeNode 5227c200-e029-4406-b344-15350fe3b93d • #GLP1 #GIP #diabetes #islets #transplant

Pioneer work on GLP-1 and GIP incretin hormones

Slideshow (digitally remastered) of my talk Tuesday June 20, 1995 at 10:30, at the 5th International Congress on Pancreas and Islet Transplantation (IPITA), in Miami Beach, FL (USA). My first talk at a world congress presenting the outcome of all our detailed metabolic studies in our preclinical model of canine islet autotransplantation , including our pioneer work on the incretin effects of the gut hormones GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide) — now, in 2025, well-known from the drugs that mimic the action of these natural hormones, to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, by stimulating insulin release, improving blood sugar control, and reducing appetite.

May 1992 we were the first to show direct potentiation of the insulin response from isolated islets by (near-)physiological doses of both the gut hormones GLP-1 and GIP during perifusion (in vitro) of canine islets at 7.5-10 mM glucose levels (1,2), and January 1994 we next confirmed the incretin effect of a (near-)physiological dose of GLP-1 after canine islet transplantation , in a poster presented at the 13th Workshop of the AIDSPIT (aka AIDPIT) Study Group , Igls, Austria, January 23–25, 1994 (3).

Background of the work was posted earlier this year (4) and the work was published Nov 1994 in my PhD thesis Pancreatic islet transplantation , available online (5).

Welcome Reception 5th IPITA on Sunday 18 June 1995, at the congress venue , the Eden Roc Resort Hotel, in Miami Beach, FL (USA) • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20251204_2 • TakeNode 8eb04df1-8280-4de3-a206-4b63413c3025

June 1995, 5th IPITA Talk

Tuesday June 20, 1995 at 10:30, at the 5th International Congress on Pancreas and Islet Transplantation (IPITA), in Miami Beach, FL (USA), was my first talk at a world congress presenting the outcome of all our detailed metabolic studies in the canine islet transplants , including the incretin effect of GLP-1, and also our findings with isolated canine islets during perifusion, in vitro, of the direct insulinotropic effects of the gut hormones GIP and GLP-1 (6) . That slideshow presentation (digitally remastered*) is posted here (1MEMO 20251204_1).

The proceedings paper delivered at the 5th IPITA is included in the Notes (7) , as well as the referenced previous papers (8,9)

Notes

1. Van der Burg MPM, Guicherit OR, Scherft JP, Frölich M, Terpstra JL, Gooszen HG. Functie na intralienale transplantatie van eilandjes van Langerhans in de hond ( Function after intrasplenic transplantation of islets of Langerhans in dogs ). Surgeon days ’92 of the Dutch Surgery Society, Rotterdam (The Netherlands) May 21–22, 1992. In : Gut factors controlling pancreatic islets • 20240910 • Michel van der Burg • michelvanderburg•com • URL https://michelvanderburg.com/2024/09/10/gut-factors-controlling-pancreatic-islets-20240910/

2. Van der Burg MPM, Guicherit OR, Frölich M, Gooszen HG. Insulinotropic effects of cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 during perifusion of short-term cultured canine isolated islets. Regul Pept. 1995 Dec 7;60(1):61-7. doi: 10.1016/0167-0115(95)00122-4. PMID: 8747785.

3. Metabolic control after canine islet transplantation. M.P.M. van der Burg, P.T.R. van Suylichem, O.R. Guicherit, J.H.M. van Deijnen, M. Frölich, and H.G. Gooszen (Universities of Leiden & Groningen, The Netherlands). Poster presented at the 13th Workshop of the AIDSPIT Study Group , Igls, Austria, January 23–25, 1994 • In : GLP-1 blood sugar regulation in islet transplants • AIDSPIT 1994 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20251114 • TakeNode 810cc881-d084-4d2e-b252-d432918b1946 • URL https://michelvanderburg.com/2025/11/14

4. Background of this work was posted in Dutch Islets Transplant Team • @1MEMO 20250125 • URL https://michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/25/dutch-islets-transplant-team-1memo-20250125/

5. Van der Burg MPM. Pancreatic islet transplantation: studies on the technique and efficacy of islet isolation and transplantation. (Doctoral Thesis, Leiden University, 1994), Paperback (1994, Nov 9) Boskoop: Van der Burg (ISBN 9080216410); E-book (2022, Oct 25) Boskoop: Michel van der Burg | Miracles•Media ( ISBN 9789080216402). Retrieved (Dec 4th, 2025) from Leiden University Scholarly Publications, Persistent URL https://hdl.handle.net/1887/3486604 .

6. Oral presentation : Van der Burg MPM, Van Suylichem PTR, Guicherit OR, Frölich M, Lemkes HHPJ, Gooszen HG. Glycemic control mechanisms after canine islet autografting. 5th International Congress on Pancreas and Islet Transplantation (IPITA), Miami Beach (USA) June 20, 1995.

7. 5th IPITA Proceedings publication : Van der Burg MPM, Van Suylichem PTR, Guicherit OR, Frölich M, Lemkes HHPJ, Gooszen HG. Glycemic control mechanisms after canine islet autografting. Transplant Proc. 1995 Dec;27(6):3187-8. PMID: 8539903. PDF available below PMID_8539903

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Referenced previous publications :

8. Van der Burg MPM, Gooszen HG. The metabolic efficiency of islet grafts: an overview. In: Islet transplantation — current status of clinical application and experimental results. Hesse UJ , Pichlmaier H, Eds., Lengerich Germany, Wolfgang Pabst Verlag, 1992, p.93–99. Pabst hash code 0383b3abad3ae774b146ea0425c2227a PDF available below 1MEMO_20251204_4

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9. Van der Burg MPM, Guicherit OR, Scherft JP, Lemkes HHPJ, Frölich M, Gooszen HG. Postprandial performance after canine islet transplantation: the importance of gut factors (Abstract). Neth J Med 1992; 41: A25. PDF available below 1MEMO_20251204_3

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Other previous publications :

10. Van der Burg MPM, Guicherit OR, Van Suylichem PTR, Frölich M, Van Deijnen JHM, Gooszen HG. Importance of the entero-insular axis for islet graft function (Abstract). Cell Transplant 1994; 3: 257. Abstract – Second International Congress of the Cell Transplant Society May 1–4, 1994 Hyatt Regency Hotel • Minneapolis, Minnesota . https://doi.org/10.1177/096368979400300302 (Abstracts published , posters not presented). PDF available below 10.1177_096368979400300302

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11. Chapter 8, Doctoral Thesis, Leiden University, November 1994 : Metabolic control after intrasplenic islet autotransplantation in dogs: ß-cell secretory capacity, insulin action, and the enteroinsular axis. Michael P.M. van der Burg, Paul T.R. van Suylichem, Onna R. Guicherit, Marijke Frölich, Herman H.P.J. Lemkes, and Hein G. Gooszen. In : Van der Burg MPM. Pancreatic islet transplantation: studies on the technique and efficacy of islet isolation and transplantation ( Chapter 8). (Doctoral Thesis, Leiden University, 1994), Paperback (1994, Nov 9) Boskoop: Van der Burg (ISBN 9080216410); E-book (2022, Oct 25) Boskoop: Michel van der Burg | Miracles•Media ( ISBN 9789080216402). Retrieved (Nov 24th, 2025) from Leiden University Scholarly Publications, Persistent URL https://hdl.handle.net/1887/3486604 .
Direct link to file Chapter 8 , URL https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A3486615/view .

12. Doctoral Thesis, Leiden University, November 1994 (Chapter 6) : lnsulinotropic properties of cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and glucagon-like peptide-1 during perifusion of short-term cultured canine isolated islets. Michael P.M. van der Burg, Onna R. Guicherit, Marijke Frölich and Hein G. Gooszen. In : Van der Burg MPM. Pancreatic islet transplantation: studies on the technique and efficacy of islet isolation and transplantation ( Chapter 6). (Doctoral Thesis, Leiden University, 1994), Paperback (1994, Nov 9) Boskoop: Van der Burg (ISBN 9080216410); E-book (2022, Oct 25) Boskoop: Michel van der Burg | Miracles•Media ( ISBN 9789080216402). Retrieved (Nov 24th, 2025) from Leiden University Scholarly Publications, Persistent URL https://hdl.handle.net/1887/3486604 .
Direct link to file Chapter 6 , URL https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A3486613/view

Full papers

13. Van der Burg MPM, Guicherit OR, Frölich M, Gooszen HG. Insulinotropic effects of cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 during perifusion of short-term cultured canine isolated islets. Regul Pept. 1995 Dec 7;60(1):61-7. doi: 10.1016/0167-0115(95)00122-4. PMID: 8747785.

14. Van der Burg MPM, Van Suylichem PTR, Guicherit OR, Frölich M, Lemkes HHPJ, Gooszen HG. Glucoregulation after canine islet transplantation: contribution of insulin secretory capacity, insulin action, and the entero-insular axis. Cell Transplant. 1997 Sep-Oct;6(5):497-503. doi: 10.1177/096368979700600509. PMID: 9331501. PDF link https://pure.rug.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/58359942/096368979700600509.pdf

* 1MEMO 20251204_1 . Digitally remastered presentation, using the images from the original slides handout, and the handout of the text spoken during the original presentation , now read using my personal synthesized voice.

#GLP1 #GIP #diabetes #islets #transplant

Citation info : Glycemic control mechanisms after canine islet autografting • IPITA 1995 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20251204 • URL https://michelvanderburg.com/2025/12/04

Fresh vs Cultured Pig Islets for Xenografts • NTV Bootcongres 1998 • @1MEMO 20250201

Fresh vs Cultured Pig Islets for Xenografts • NTV Bootcongres 1998 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250201_1 • TakeNode 71d39e7e-ab5e-42b6-8cf2-a17d464ce132

Van der Burg MPM, Rijkelijkhuizen JKRA, Zwaan RP, Bouwman E. Culture of isolated pig islets pre-xenotransplantation greatly improves the quality and survival of the graft (Kweek van geïsoleerde varkenseilandjes pre-xenotransplantatie verbetert aanzienlijk de kwaliteit en overleving van het transplantaat). Tenth Congress of the Dutch Transplantation Society (Bootcongres 1998), Kerkrade (The Netherlands) April 21–23, 1998.

Download (pdf) NTV bulletin (abstract) & poster , file 1MEMO_20250201

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EN – Abstract

PRE-TRANSPLANT SHORT-TERM CULTURE OF ISOLATED PIG ISLETS MARKEDLY IMPROVES THE QUALITY AND SURVIVAL OF THE XENOGRAFT
Van der Burg MPM,* Rijkelijkhuizen JKRA, Zwaan RP, and Bouwman E, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Pre-transplant culture of isolated islets reduces the graft’s immunogenicity in various models. Little is known, however, on the effect of culture in pig islet xenotransplantation — probably, because porcine islets have been found difficult to culture. Because pilot transplants of freshly-isolated pig islets in strongly immunosuppressed rats resulted in primary non function, we first studied 1-7 day culture of the isolated pig islets at 37°C in RPMI plus 10% porcine serum. Islets were isolated from large sows (n =6) by an improved method, resulting in intact islets (size 185±16 µm) and no loss during purification, yielding 2448 islets (IEQs)/g with a >95% purity and 90±2% viability as assessed by acridine orange – propidium iodide (AOPI) staining. During culture, however, islet recovery was 24±9% at day 1 and 17±6% at day 7 (NS vs day 1). In order to delineate whether the culture conditions or the quality of freshly isolated islets caused the islet loss during culture, we compared graft survival in nude mice at 1 mo after transplantation under the kidney capsule of ~2500 fresh islets in normoglycemic recipients or ~1000 cultured islets in STZ-diabetic (>20 mM) recipients. After transplanting fresh islets, histology of the kidneys — sectioned every 500 µm — demonstrated substantial scarring and (near-)absence of islets. Cultured islet transplants, by contrast, rendered 5/6 recipients normoglycemic, and showed a substantial mass of well-preserved islets with little scarring at the grafts’ site. Thus, viability by AOPI-staining of fresh islets poorly predicts the survival in vivo and in vitro. A non-immune mediated disintegration of part of the fresh islets may substantially reduce the functional capacity of the graft, both direct by lowering the effective islet dose, and indirect first because scarring may hamper the engraftment of viable tissue, and second because the cellular debris most probably will attract macrophages and induce the release of harmful cytokines.

Citation info : Fresh vs Cultured Pig Islets for Xenografts • NTV Bootcongres 1998 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250201 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/02/01/

Iodixanol-UWS Purification for Porcine Islet Transplantation • AIDSPIT 1998 • @1MEMO 20250131

Iodixanol-UWS Purification for Porcine Islet Transplantation • AIDSPIT 1998 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250131

Slideshow (digitally remastered) of first talk on pancreatic islet xeno-transplantation following adult pig islet purification in our novel Iodixanol-UWS density gradient. Presented at the 17th Workshop of the AIDSPIT Study Group in Igls, Austria, Tuesday, Jan 27, 1998 (1, 2).

Isolation of porcine pancreatic islets (from the pancreas of large sows) was markedly improved by keeping the islets in the UW donor organ preservation solution (UWS) both during the isolation of islets (using the Liberase enzyme blend) and purification of the islets using a novel Iodixanol-UWS density gradient.
Transplantation of the pig islets (after 1 day storage in culture solution) restored normal blood sugar levels in diabetic mice.

Notes

1) Van der Burg MPM, Zwaan RP, Bouwman E. Markedly improved outcome of adult porcine islet isolation, purification, and culture using Liberase-PI versus collagenase-P, and a novel gradient of Optiprep in University of Wisconsin solution. 17th Workshop of the Study Group on Artificial Insulin Delivery Systems, Pancreas and Islet Transplantation (AIDSPIT) of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), Igls (Austria) January 25—27,1998

2) Van der Burg MPM, Zwaan RP, Bouwman E. Markedly improved outcome of adult porcine islet isolation, purification, and culture using Liberase-PI versus collagenase-P, and a novel gradient of Optiprep in University of Wisconsin solution (Abstract). Horm Metab Res 1998; 30(1): A23 . DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-978834 .
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Citation info : Iodixanol-UWS Purification for Porcine Islet Transplantation • AIDSPIT 1998 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250131 • TakeNode 1f185515-7aeb-44ac-b721-2cec76df67b7 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/31/

Innovative Islet Purification in Iodixanol-UWS • IPITA 97 • @1MEMO 20250128

No porcine islet loss during density gradient purification in a novel iodixanol in University of Wisconsin solution. First talk on our introduction of the innovative Iodixanol-UWS density gradients for islet purification , showing no islet loss in the difficult model of pig islet isolation — presented at the 6th IPITA congress in Milan (Italy) , Thursday, 25th september 1997 (1).

Background

In 1995 the Leiden Islet Lab had moved into the Surgery Lab in the new LUMC building, and the islet team had grown, focussing on xenotransplantation. With more people isolating pig islets, more convenient islet isolation solutions were tried.

Both Percoll-UWS (2) and Histopaque-UWS (3) were being used from 1992 in first series of islet isolations from juvenile pig pancreases.

August 1995, I started designing the clinical promising islet purification solution of Iodixanal in UW-Solution (UWS). I mixed Optiprep – a 60 % solution of iodixanol in water – with a 2-times concentrated UWS, to prepare this density gradient solution. The first standard operation procedure of this Iodixanol-UWS gradient for our pig islet isolation research was completed November 1995.

This purification solution was a logical follow-up of our highly succesful Percoll-UWS density gradient (2) — a similar solution of impermeants (that do not readily enter cells) with similar osmolarity (close to that of the tissue) , more practical though, and with the important advantage that iodixanol is clinical tested.

July 1996, I introduced the Iodixanol-UWS gradient to replace the Percoll-UWS gradient for large scale pancreatic islet research in this difficult model of islet isolation from juvenile pig pancreases.

The work was presented September 1997. First a poster was presented that month at the Xenotransplantation Congress in Nantes , France (4). Next, two talks followed at the 6th Congress of the International Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA) in Milan (Italy).

Here the (remastered) slideshow of that first talk at the 6th IPITA Congress in Milan, presented Thursday, 25th september 1997 (1) . The slideshow of the 2nd talk , presented at the last day of that congress, was posted yesterday (5).

Notes

1) Van der Burg MPM, Basir I, Bouwman E. No porcine islet loss during density gradient purification in a novel iodixanol in University of Wisconsin solution. Sixth Congress of the Int. Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA), Milan (Italy) Sept. 24–27, 1997.

2) Percoll UWS Purification Pancreatic Islets • ESOT 1991 Talk • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250114 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/14/

3) Basir I, van der Burg MPM, Scheringa M, Töns A, Bouwman E. Improved outcome of pig islet isolation by Pefabloc inhibition of trypsin. Transplant Proc. 1997 Jun;29(4):1939-41. doi: 10.1016/s0041-1345(97)00168-1. PMID: 9193462

4) Van der Burg MPM, Basir I, Bouwman E. Non-traumatic porcine islet density gradient purification in a novel iodixanol in University of Wisconsin solution. The 4th Int. Congress for Xenotransplantation, Nantes (France) Sept. 7–11, 1997. Online in : Purification Islets in Iodixanol-UWS • Leiden Start 1996 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250126 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/26/

5) Van der Burg MPM, Basir I, Zwaan RP, Bouwman E. Porcine islet preservation during isolation in University of Wisconsin solution. Sixth Congress of the Int. Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA), Milan (Italy) Sept. 24–27, 1997. Online in : Porcine Islet Preservation In UWS • IPITA 97 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250127• URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/27/

Milan Papers • @1MEMO 20250205 • Manuscripts (Preprints) and Abstracts copies of the presentations at the IPITA 1997 meeting in Milan (Italy). PDF downloads at michelvanderburg•com/2025/02/05/

Citation info : Innovative Islet Purification in Iodixanol-UWS • IPITA 97 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250128 • TakeNode • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/28/

Porcine Islet Preservation In UWS • IPITA 97 • @1MEMO 20250127

The Leiden Islet Lab had just moved into the Surgery Lab in the new LUMC building, and the islet team had grown, focussing on xenotransplantation. With more people isolating pig islets, more convenient solutions were tried.

Both Percoll-UWS and Histopaque-UWS were being used from 1992 for small scale islet isolations from juvenile pig pancreases.

July 1996, I introduced the Optiprep-UWS gradient to replace our Percoll-UWS gradient for larger scale porcine islet isolations.

The work was first presented September 1997, both in a poster presented at the Xenotransplantation Congress in Nantes , France (1), and later that month in two talks at the 6th Congress of the International Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA) in Milan (Italy). The slideshow of the first talk (2) will be online at this site soon.
Here the remastered slideshow of the 2nd talk at the 6th IPITA Congress in Milan, presented Saturday, 27th September, 1997 (3).

Notes

1) Van der Burg MPM, Basir I, Bouwman E. Non-traumatic porcine islet density gradient purification in a novel iodixanol in University of Wisconsin solution. The 4th Int. Congress for Xenotransplantation, Nantes (France) Sept. 7–11, 1997. Online in : Purification Islets in Iodixanol-UWS • Leiden Start 1996 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250126 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/26/

2) Van der Burg MPM, Basir I, Bouwman E. No porcine islet loss during density gradient purification in a novel iodixanol in University of Wisconsin solution. Sixth Congress of the Int. Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA), Milan (Italy) Sept. 24–27, 1997.

3) Van der Burg MPM, Basir I, Zwaan RP, Bouwman E. Porcine islet preservation during isolation in University of Wisconsin solution. Sixth Congress of the Int. Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA), Milan (Italy) Sept. 24–27, 1997.

Updates

Update 20250128 – update intro design timeline

Update 20250205 – added link to manuscripts and abstracts

Citation info : Porcine Islet Preservation In UWS • IPITA 97 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250127 • TakeNode 6d6fca2e-014c-40cf-8110-725b267c0b0e • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/27/

Purification Islets in Iodixanol-UWS • Leiden Start 1996 • @1MEMO 20250126

Purification Islets in Iodixanol-UWS • Leiden Start 1996 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250126_1 • TakeNode c2a26daf-2c4f-4051-931d-16babc872c82

This purification solution was a logical follow-up of our highly succesful Percoll-UWS density gradient — a similar solution of impermeants (that do not readily enter cells) with similar osmolarity (close to that of the tissue) , more practical though, and with the important advantage that iodixanol is clinical tested.
The Leiden Islet Lab had just moved into the Surgery Lab of the new LUMC building, and the islet team had grown, focussing on xenotransplantation. With more people isolating pig islets, more convenient solutions were tried.

Both Percoll-UWS and and the more convenient Histopaque-UWS were being used from 1992 for small scale islet isolations from juvenile pig pancreases.

July 1996, I introduced the Optiprep-UWS gradient to replace our Percoll-UWS gradient for larger scale porcine islet isolations , in comparison with the Histopaque gradient.

This work was first presented September 1997, both in this poster presented at the Xenotransplantation Congress in Nantes (France) and later that month also in a talk at the 6th Congress of the International Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA) in Milan (Italy) — presentations that will be online at this site soon.

Notes

Van der Burg MPM, Basir I, Bouwman E. Non-traumatic porcine islet density gradient
purification in a novel iodixanol in University of Wisconsin solution. The 4th Int. Congress for Xenotransplantation, Nantes (France) Sept. 7–11, 1997.

Update 20250128 – update intro design timeline

Citation info : Purification Islets in Iodixanol-UWS • Leiden Start 1996 • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250126 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/26/

Leiden Islet Isolation Chamber • @1MEMO 20250116

Leiden Islet Isolation Chamber • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250116 • TakeNode 398303fe-928a-4c53-839e-9dde0e7d8ec6

Following a working visit February ’92 studying pig islet isolation at the ‘Fondation Transplantation’ in Strasbourg -Hautepierre, France (1) , I designed this islet isolation chamber March 1992 for use in our Leiden Islet Laboratory , together with Gerard Verschagen , head of the precision mechanics workshop of the Laboratory of Physiology of the University Hospital Leiden (AZL , now LUMC), who manufactured this and other of our islet isolation devices.

The chamber was designed with support for use together with the Retsch Vibro Sieving Machine , purchased earlier for our Leiden Islet Laboratory, a vibrating sieving machine I had used in the 70s for isolation cell nuclei (2). The design was based on the Ricordi chamber published 4 years earlier (3).

The drawing was originally designed and produced on a Macintosh computer March 1992, using the MacDraw II application. That Mac file was remastered today in LibreOffice Vanilla, by straightening most of the lines that are slanted after opening in LibreOffice and correcting the font changes. So , not accurate now probably … just for illustration the history of progress in our Leiden Islet Laboratory, and love for art 😉

Notes

1) Xeno Islets • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250113 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/13/

2) Mennes AM, Bouman H, Van der Burg MPM, Libbenga KR. RNA synthesis in isolated tobacco callus nuclei, and the influence of phytohormones. Plant Sci Lett 1978; 13: 329– 339, ISSN 0304-4211, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4211(78)90210-9.

3) Piemonti L, Pileggi A. 25 Years Of The Ricordi Automated Method For Islet Isolation. CellR4 Repair Replace Regen Reprogram. 2013;1(1):e128. PMID: 30505878; PMCID: PMC6267808. URL https://www.cellr4.org/article/128

Citation info : Leiden Islet Isolation Chamber • Michel van der Burg • Miracles.Media • @1MEMO 20250116 • URL michelvanderburg.com/2025/01/16/